1285 Totally Explained

Everything about 1285 totally explained

Years: 1282 1283 1284 - 1285 - 1286 1287 1288
Decades: 1250s 1260s 1270s - 1280s - 1290s 1300s 1310s
Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century

Events

January 6 - Archbishop Jakub Świnka orders all priests subject to his bishopry in Poland to deliver sermons in Polish rather than German, thus further unifying the Catholic Church in Poland and fostering a national identity.
April 2 - Pope Honorius IV succeeds Pope Martin IV as the 190th pope.
April 25 - Mamluk sultan Qalawun begins a siege of the Crusader fortress of Margat (in present-day Syria), a major stronghold of the Knights Hospitaller thought to be impregnable; he captures the fortress a month later.
September 4 - Roger of Lauria defeats King Philip III of France in a naval battle off of Barcelona.
The writ Circumspecte Agatis, issued by King Edward I of England, defines the jurisdictions of church and state in England, thereby limiting the church's judicial powers to ecclesiastical cases only.
The Second Statute of Westminster is passed in England, reforming various laws; it includes the famous clause de donis conditionalibus, considered one of the fundamental institutes of medieval law in England.
The English romantic poem The Lay of Havelok the Dane is written (approximate date).
Tran Hung Dao leads Vietnamese forces in victory over an invading Yuan dynasty Mongol army.

Births

March 9 - Emperor Go-Nijo of Japan (d. 1308)

May 1 - Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel, English politician (d. 1326)

December 6 - King Ferdinand IV of Castile (d. 1312)

Al-Nasr Muhammad, sultan of Egypt (d. 1341)

Ziauddin Barani, historian and political thinker of the Delhi Sultanate (d. 1357)

Patrick Dunbar, 9th Earl of Dunbar (d. 1369)

Deaths

March 24 - Daumantas, Grand Prince of Lithuania

March 28 - Pope Martin IV

May 13 - Robert de Ros, 1st Baron de Ros

May 20 - John II of Jerusalem, King of Cyprus (b. 1259)

October 5 - King Philip III of France (b. 1245)

November 11 - King Peter III of Aragon (b. 1239)

Tile Kolup, German imposter

Philip I of Savoy (b. 1207)

Rutebeuf, French troubadour

King Charles I of Sicily (b. 1227)

Further Information

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